Bar Hebraeus'
Chronography

After GORDIANUS CAESAR, PHILIP CAESAR [reigned] seven years. In his time the persecution of the Christians was stayed. And in his first year SHABHOR (SAPOR), the son of 'ARDASHIR, reigned over the PERSIANS thirty-one years. And in his time the one thousand years from the building of ROME was completed. And beasts were slaughtered in the Great Circus during the celebration of the contest of One Thousand Years. And plays of a warlike character were performed at nights, there was a vigil of three days, and forty athletes (or, heroes), as in the nativity of ROME, ran. And the theatre of POMPEY and the 'AKATOSTOLON, that is to say [the building of] six pillars, were burnt down. Now PHILIP his lord was killed by DAKYOS (DECIUS).

After PHILIP CAESAR, DECIUS CAESAR [reigned] one year. This Emperor persecuted the Christians greatly. And in his time the Seven Young Men fled from EPHESUS and hid themselves in a cave. And many [Christians] through fear of DECIUS denied CHRIST, and when he was killed and wrath died down, those who had apostatized came to ROME, and sought restoration to communion; but NABHATIS (NOVATUS?) used to say, 'There is no forgiveness'; and he was called the 'head of the KATHARO' (the PURISTS).

After DECIUS CAESAR, the CAESARS CALLUS and VOLUSIANUS [reigned] two years, and they were killed in the Flamminian Way. At this time a destroying sickness broke out in the world, [57] especially in EGYPT.

After the CAESARS GALLUS and VOLUSIANUS, the CAESARS VALERIANUS and GALLINUS [reigned] fifteen years; they persecuted the Christians. And SAPOR, the son of 'ARDASHIR, the king of the PERSIANS, laid waste SYRIA, and CILICIA and CAPPADOCIA. And the GHOTHAYE (GOTHS), having crossed the river of MABHYANOS (MABIOS?, DANUBE), carried off many of the governors into captivity. And VALERIANUS having been carried off into PERSIA, GALLINUS gave the Christians rest.

After GALLINUS CAESAR, CLAUDIUS CAESAR [reigned] two years. At [that] time BRAKYON was imprisoned in ALEXANDRIA. And being oppressed by the war CLAUDIUS died in SERMYON (SERMION), and the similitude of a crown was seen (or, appeared) in the heavens.

After CLAUDIUS CAESAR, AURELIAN CAESAR [reigned] six years. In his first year he defeated the PALMYRENIANS and subjugated the GALLAYE. And in his time MANI (MANES) became famous. And AURELIAN gave his daughter to SAPOR, and made peace with him. And SAPOR built for himself in PERSIA a city which was like CONSTANTINOPLE. And its name was GUNDISHABHOR and he made his Roman wife to live therein. And there came with her distinguished Greek physicians, and they sowed the system of medicine of HIPPOCRATES in the East. And there existed also excellent Syrian physicians, e.g. SERGIUS of RISH 'AYN, who was the first to translate philosophical and medical works from Greek into Syriac; and 'ATANOS (ATHANASIUS?) of AMID, and PHILAGRIUS, and SIMON the monk, whose goodness is well known, and GREGORY the bishop, and THEODOSIUS the Patriarch, and the excellent HUNAIN, the son of ISAAC. And there were many other physicians their successors, until the present day, and they were all 7 SYRIANS. AARON the priest, however, was not a SYRIAN, but GHOSIOS (GOSIUS), the ALEXANDRIAN, translated his book from Greek into Syriac. AURELIAN CAESAR built the wall of ROME, and whilst persecuting the Christians was struck by lightning and died.

After AURELIAN CAESAR, TAKITOS (TACITUS) CAESAR [reigned] six months, and was killed in PONTUS. At this time HORMIZD reigned in PERSIA.

After TACITUS CAESAR, FLORIANUS CAESAR [reigned] two months, and he also was killed--at TARSUS in CILICIA.

After FLORIANUS CAESAR, [58] PROBUS CAESAR [reigned] seven years. And in that year WARHARAN [reigned] in PERSIA three years, and after him his son reigned seventeen years. And SATURNINUS, the Eparch, wishing to rebel and to rule over the ROMANS, began to build ANTIOCH, and he was killed in APAMEA. And PROBUS CAESAR was also killed--in SERMION.

After PROBUS CAESAR, CARUS CAESAR [reigned] two years. CARUS died in BETH NAHRIN of SYRIA, and his son NUMERIANUS was killed in the country of AFRICA, and CARINUS, another son of his, was killed in the war with the GARMANAYE accidentally.

After CARUS CAESAR, DIOCLETIAN CAESAR [reigned] twenty years, and three others also reigned with him, viz. MAXIMlNUS, who gave his daughter to DIOCLETIAN, and was surnamed 'HAIRKULYOS', and the two of them ruled together in the East. And MAXENTIUS, the son of MAXIMIANUS, who ruled in ROME; and CONSTANTINTUS (CONSTANTIUS?) ruled in GALLIA and BRUTONIA. And the first year of DIOCLETIAN, which is the five hundred and ninety-fifth year of the GREEKS ( = A.D. 284), is the five thousand seven hundred and seventy-fifth year from ADAM--and with this [year] the reckoning of the EGYPTIANS beginneth.

At this time EGYPT rebelled, and the ROMANS went and subjugated it, and slew many. And in the eleventh year of DIOCLETIAN, NARSAI reigned in PERSIA seven years; and after him his son HORMIZD [reigned] five years. And in the nineteenth year of DIOCLETIAN, when the great Feast of the Passover was nigh at hand, he commanded that the churches of the Christians should be pulled down to [their very] foundations, and that the SCRIPTURES should be burnt in the fire, and that every one who would not offer sacrifice [to the gods] should die. And many chosen and mighty martyrs finished their course, [among them being] SERGIUS and BACCHUS. And he cut out the tongue of ROMANUS. And in his days NICOLAUS, the martyr, and 'AZAZ'IL of SHAMISHAT (SAMOSATA), the splendid martyr, [were crowned].

Now DIOCLETIAN was smitten by the Lord, and his genital organs rotted. He perceived that it was a stroke from God, and therefore he wrote to every place [saying] that the Christians should continue to follow the usual course of their lives publicly, and should build their churches. [59] Now MAXIMIANUS, though unwilling, stopped the persecution. And after a short time he made a false proclamation, saying 'that the gods had revealed to him that it was right for the Christians to be expelled from the towns into the villages'; and the persecution was stirred up again. God admonished the earth with famine and pestilence [so severely] that a modius of wheat was sold for two hundred and fifty menin, and ten corpses were cast into one grave. And whilst MAXIMIANUS was occupied in the war with the ARMENIANS, the rod of justice overtook him, and he was smitten with severe sickness, and he also died with DIOCLETIAN.

After DIOCLETIAN CAESAR and his associates, CONSTANTIUS [CHLORUS] THE GREAT (who in the days of DIOCLETIIAN was king in GALLlA, and he was the father of CONSTANTINE the victorious conqueror) [reigned]. When he reigned he had two wives; the one was HELENA, the mother of CONSTANTINE, the victorious conqueror, and the other was THEODORA, the daughter of the tyrant MAXIMIANUS. And SYLVESTER, the bishop of Rome, converted this Emperor, for he was a leper, and he believed and was baptized and was healed (1). Now, he reigned twelve years, and in the eighth year of his reign he associated his son CONSTANTINE with him in his kingdom.

After CONSTANTIUS THE GREAT, CONSTANTINE, the Conqueror, his son, [reigned] thirty-two years, besides the three years wherein he reigned conjointly with his father. He reigned in the six hundred and twenty-third year of the GREEKS (= A.D. 312), which from ADAM was five thousand eight hundred and seventeen years, but other manuscripts say five thousand eight hundred and thirteen years. And in his second year SAPOR, the son of HORMIZD, reigned over the PERSIANS sixty-nine years. When this CONSTANTINE went to make war on the tyrant MAXENTIUS, he saw at midday a cross in the form of a pillar of light in the air, and on it were written letters which said, 'By this thou shalt conquer'. And also in the night our Lord appeared to him, [60] and said, 'Make for thyself according to the similitude which thou hast seen, and thou shalt conquer'. And having done [so] the tyrant MAXENTIUS was vanquished, and was drowned in the river DUNBIS (TIBRIS?). Then he was strengthened the more in his Faith, together with his wife, DIOKLAITYANA (2), the daughter of DIOCLETIAN the pagan.

In his third year he renewed (or, restored) the building of [the city of] BYZANTIA, and added four miles to it, and he removed the kingdom from ROME to this BYZANTIA. And he built therein a church to ElRENE, and another to the Twelve Apostles. And he made all the inhabitants thereof free men, and he swept away the idols, and he permitted no man who was pagan to serve. And Queen HELENA, his mother, went up to JERUSALEM and made search for the Cross of our Lord and found it; one portion of it she deposited in the Temple which she built over the Tomb [of our Lord], and the remainder she sent to the Emperor. And in the time of CONSTANTINE the Victorious, the IBERIANS believed on CHRIST, and they sent to the Emperor, and received (or, welcomed) bishops and elders (or, priests), and they believed and were baptized. And the SARMATIANS, and the GOTHS, and the SCYTHIANS, after the Emperor had conquered them, believed and were baptized. And he built a great church over the BALUTA TREE (oak?) of MAMRE, where ABRAHAM received the revelation. And he also built a church in B'ELBAK (BAALBEK) of PHOENICIA, because the sons thereof lived in a state of great error. They had their wives in common, and the father of every one of them was unknown; but as soon as the bishop brought order among them, little by little they corrected their ways. And he built in ANTIOCH an octagonal Temple. He built a bridge over the river DUNBIS, and his troops passed over it, and he subjugated the SCYTHIANS, and brought [them] into the Faith.

He gathered together the World Council of Three Hundred and Eighteen [bishops, at NICEA], and they established the Faith in the six hundred and seventy-seventh year of the Greeks (3), and the Canons of the Fast and the Passover were set in order by him.

In his days SAPOR, king of PERSIA, persecuted the Christians who were in his dominions, and he also went up against NISIBIS, and returned therefrom [61] having been put to shame through the prayers of MAR JACOB and MAR APHREM, and in his wrath he took BETH NAHRIN and departed. CONSTANTINE, having gone forth to wage war against the PERSIANS arrived at NICOMEDIA and fell sick, and there he died. He made a Will and bequeathed the kingdom to his three sons, and he committed the Will to the hands of a certain priest [who was] an Arian. After his death his body was transported to CONSTANTINOPLE.

After CONSTANTINE the Victorious, his three sons [reigned] twenty-four years. CONSTANTINE the Victorious had three sons. The eldest [bore] the name of his father CONSTANTINE, the second was CONSTANTIUS, and the youngest was CONSTANS. During his lifetime he made his eldest son governor in CONSTANTINOPLE, and his second son ruled over ANTIOCH and all the East, and the youngest son ruled in ROME. And when the Victorious King died, the second son, since he was near at hand, came first and made a covenant with that Arian priest that he would persecute every one who said 'son of the substance' (i.e. consubstantial), and he delivered to him the Will, and he took his father, in a coffer of gold, into the city of royalty (i.e. the Capital).

And when SAPOR heard that the Victorious King was dead, he went up again against NlSIBIS, which stood on the boundary line of the ROMANS and PERSIANS, and was called 'ANTIOCH of MYGDONIA', and he oppressed (i.e. besieged) it for seventy days. And he built up mounds against it, and made a great dam against the current of the river MAGDONIUS, which entered into the city and divided itself in the middle thereof. And the waters thrust themselves against the wall which, being unable to withstand the strain, tottered and fell down. And whilst SAPOR was imagining that he could capture the city without [further] trouble, he saw another new wall which had been built up meanwhile (or, already), and also that the blessed man APHREM had gone up on the wall to curse the Barbarians. And APHREM prayed to God, and He brought upon them clouds of flies of all kinds and gnats, and the elephants were greatly afflicted thereby because their hides were dry and cracked. And the insects crawled into the nostrils and ears of the horses, and they broke their bridles and threw off their riders and stampeded. And SAPOR went back to PERSIA in shame.

And when CONSTANTINE the oldest brother, [who ruled in the] royal city, came against CONSTANS his youngest brother, who was in ROME, he was killed by [62] the field labourers of his youngest brother; and he left two sons, GALLUS and JULIANUS. Then CONSTANTIUS their uncle, that is to say the middle (i.e. the elder of two brothers of CONSTANTINE) brother of their father, because they were young, commanded them to be instructed in learning (i.e. educated and trained) in the village of MAKALI by the side of CAESAREA of CAPPADOCIA. And the two of them became Lectors and built a church to MAR MAMA. And when they grew up CONSTANTIUS made the one who was the elder, that is GALLUS, CAESAR in the place of his father. After a short time GALLUS rebelled against his uncle who had established him, and the king his uncle sent and killed him, and he also placed his younger brother in prison.

And afterwards Queen EUSEBIA, his mother, demanded him from the king, and she sent him to ATHENS that he might learn wisdom, and there he studied with BASIL the Great, and GREGORY of NUSA (NYSSA) his brother, and GREGORY the theologian of NAZYANZO. And when BASIL saw his habits of life and general behaviour he prophesied that he would become a pagan; and he said, 'Woe be to RHOMANIA! (i.e. the new kingdom of Constantinople). What kind of a man is she rearing?' And CONSTANTIUS, the second brother, enlarged AMID and called it 'AUGUSTA'.

And CONSTANS, the youngest brother who was in ROME, having reigned for six years, died through the treachery of the soldiers (or, peasants); and MAGNENTIUS the tyrant seized all ITALY and AFRICA; and he was proclaimed king in SERMION. And when the king, the intermediate brother, heard [of this], he attacked the tyrant with violence and killed him, and entered ROME in triumph. And when he returned to CONSTANTINOPLE he appointed the son of his elder brother CAESAR, and gave him his sister HELENA to wife--now she was called 'CONSTANTIA'. And he sent him against the GALLAYE, and JULIAN conquered them completely. And he increased in power, and became haughty and arrogant, and was proclaimed Emperor by the ROMANS. Now when CONSTANTIUS his uncle heard [this], he trembled, and made haste and was baptized by OZIOS (EUZOIUS) of ANTIOCH, and he marched against JULIAN, and between CILICIA of CAPPADOCIA in MAMPROKEA (MOPSUERENE) he died.

After the three sons of CONSTANTINE the Victorious, JULIAN PARABITIS, that is the denier [of CHRIST], the son of the eldest son of the Victorious King, [reigned] two years, in addition to the five years which [63] he had reigned with his uncle. This Emperor had, under the name of rhetoric, learned the art of magic, to which the kingdom of ROME was addicted in his time. And he behaved in a brutal manner, and relied confidently on his luck, and he was sure and certain that 'the devils had raised him to his exalted station'. And he began to open the temples of idols, and he offered up sacrifices [therein], and he acted in the lying manner of the philosophers, and he expelled cooks and knaves (?). But his mouth hung open for laughter, and his tongue was ever ready for scoffing. When he went into CONSTANTINOPLE he was called 'Autocrator'. Having gone into ANTIOCH and reduced the price of everything that was sold [there], he was treated with contempt by the people of ANTIOCH. They were quickly moved to mirth, and they used to laugh at his beard because it was [very] long. And when he wished to destroy them, LIBANIUS, the sophist, brought [to him] a petition of supplication on their behalf, and the Emperor abused (or, cursed) them with words; and he made to cease his wrath. And [that] wicked man set out two tables, on one of which was placed gold, and on the other there was frankincense and fire. And every one who wanted gold had to throw frankincense on the fire, and burn incense before an idol, and then he could take the gold. He expelled from his service eunuchs, and camels, and asses, and mules, leaving in it horses only. And he passed a law that Christians should not read philosophical books. And he made houses wherein orphans, and widows, and destitute folk were fed, and he led astray the simple (i.e. common) folk on a well-thought-out plan. He sent a message to the men of EDESSA that they were to receive him, and when they refused to receive him he left them and passed on to HARRAN. And he offered sacrifices to idols and paid honour to the JEWS. And when the Christians who were in EDESSA heard [this], they became filled with envy and wrath, and slew the JEWS who were their neighbours. Now JULIAN practised divination and the art of sorcery in every place, and there went forth to him a vaticination which said, 'Behold, I ARES will go before thee to give thee help'. And relying on this confidently he marched straight to PERSIA, having with him three hundred and ninety-five thousand warriors; and he captured and laid waste SELEUCIA and CTESIPHON. And SAPOR, the PERSIAN, sent an entreaty, that he would allow him to possess a small portion of his own country, and he could take the remainder; and JULIAN would not agree [to this]. Then the war between the ROMANS and the PERSIANS on the banks of the TIGRIS became more fierce. [64] And whilst JULIAN was riding his horse and was urging on the war, and was boasting in his good luck, suddenly an arrow flew and smote him in his side, and he fell down dead. It is said that he filled his two hands with his blood and cast [it] up towards heaven, saying. 'Thou hast conquered me, O JESUS, the GALILEAN! Now together with divinity Thou hast gotten sovereignty.' And one of the holy men saw in a revelation (or, vision) that one of the forty holy martyrs shot the arrow.

After JULIAN the heathen [came] JOVIANUS the believer. JULIAN being dead the Roman Army suffered exceedingly from hunger, because SAPOR had seized those who brought in supplies of food. Then the ROMANS sought for a king, and they chose JOVIANUS the believer, who was a chiliarch, but he took an oath saying, 'I will not be a king of the heathen'. Then they all cried out, saying, 'We are all Christians' and tears were mingled with gladness. And they set up in [their] midst a cross, and [placed] a crown on the top of it, and having bowed their knees and done homage to the cross they took the crown and set it upon the head of JOVIANUS. And he in his humility went to SAPOR. And when SAPOR said that the ROMANS must give to the PERSIANS [the country] up to the EUPHRATES, the sword which was with them was not drawn again. He gave him NISIBIS only, without labour [toil?], and pacified him. And he made peace for thirty years. And both sides rejoiced and the two camps were mingled together. And he took care also for JULIAN, and took him up with him in a coffin and buried him in TARSUS, even as SOCRATES saith, and afterwards he was carried to CONSTANTINOPLE. And because of this THEMISTIUS, the philosopher, reviled the children of his generation (i.e. his contemporaries), saying, 'It is not a god but people which they glorify and honour'. When JOVIANUS returned from PERSIA he passed through CILICIA, and when he came to BOSPOROS, to a village the name of which was DASTANIA (DODASTANA), on the border of BYTHINIA and GALATIA, he fell sick of a disease of the kidneys in the season of winter, and there he died.

After JOVIANUS, the brothers VALENTINIANUS and VALENS [reigned] thirteen years. This Emperor came from the country of PANNONIA, from the city of KIBALON [65] (KIBALA?), and he was strong and wise. And he brought his brother VALENS and appointed him king in the East, and when he went to RHOMI he proclaimed his son GRATIANUS 'AUGUSTUS', and made him Consul. And in his eleventh year ARDASHIR, the son of SAPOR, reigned over the PERSIANS four years. At that time PROCOPIUS rebelled against VALENS, and having been captured in CONSTANTINOPLE he was tied between trees and sawn asunder. When VALENS went to EGYPT and arrived at MARCIANOPOLIS, a great earthquake took place, and the sea was convulsed and heaved the small ships up over the wall of the city. And then the sea receded from its place, and the great ships remained high and dry as if they were on the dry land. And the people of the City ran to loot, and the sea came back upon them, and swallowed them up, and they were drowned. And his wife being still alive VALENTINIANUS took another wife (JUSTINA), a most marvellously beautiful woman, and he abolished the law and permitted every man who wished to do so to possess two wives at the same time.

And when he went to make war on the SARMATAYE (SARMATIANS) they were afraid, and they sent ambassadors to sue for peace. And when he saw that they were wretched and contemptible men, he cried out loudly, 'The kingdom of the RHOMAYE is in evil case indeed when such vile and contemptible people as these have the impudence to [make] war'. And as he shouted out these words suddenly the veins of his neck burst asunder, and a flood of blood flowed down from him and he died. And because GRATIANUS his first son was not at hand, the soldiers gathered together and they made king his younger son (who also bore his father's name), which he had by JUSTINA, his second wife whom he had married for her beauty. Then VALENS made GRATIANUS a general and sent him to the war with the GOTHAYE (GOTHS), but he was not successful. And there went forth a vaticination to VALENS [which said], that a man whose name began with the letter TAW (T) should rule after him. And he commanded that every man whose name was THEODORE, and THEODOTUS, and such like names, should be killed.

And at that time there appeared in the air men in the clouds who had the forms of armed soldiers. And there was born in ANTIOCH a child who had a single eye in the space between the places of the eyes, and four hands, and four feet, and a beard. And at this time the ARABS were stirred up on the territory of the RHOMAYE, and a woman who was called 'MU'AWIYAH' ruled over them. Then they made peace with [66] the RHOMAYE and embraced Christianity, and they requested that MOSES the monk should be their bishop, and he became their bishop by the command of VALENS. And the GOTHAYE (GOTHS) and 'IBHERAYE (IBERIANS) went forth to the country of the RHOMAYE and they captured SCYTHIA, and MYSIA, and TARKIS, and MACEDONIA, and ACHAIA, and all ILADA (HELLAS). VALENS in CONSTANTINOPLE withheld himself from the war, because he was afraid of the GOTHAYE and 'IBHERAYE, but all the people cried out, 'Give us arms and we will carry on the war'. And the king was angry and he went forth uttering the threat that 'when he returned he would govern the city with a plough (i.e. he would plough up the city) in return for his disgraces'. And when he went out to war he was defeated and fled to a village. And when the Barbarians surrounded it he hid himself in a round pit and buried himself under the straw; and when the GOTHAYE were unable to find him, they set fire to the whole village, and he also was burned to death.

After VALENS, GRATIANUS, the son of VALENTINIANUS [reigned] one year. This Emperor, having been made in the days of his father AUTOCRATOR in RHOMI, seized the kingdom after VALENS. He was a righteous man, and chaste, and orthodox, and he was not an Arian like his father and uncle. And he associated with him in the kingdom the Great THEODOSIUS who [came] from SPAIN, and was an IBERIAN by race, because THEODOSIUS had shown care for GRATIANUS and had proclaimed him king before the burning of VALENS. And at that time a certain man called MAXIMUS killed GRATIANUS in RHOMI treacherously, and VALENTINIANUS his younger brother reigned in RHOMI.

After GRATIANUS, THEODOSIUS THE GREAT [reigned] sixteen years, GRATIANUS having been killed, and VALENTINIANUS his brother reigning in RHOMI, THEODOSIUS reigned alone in CONSTANTINOPLE and in all the East. He was a mighty man, and wise, and he was experienced in warfare, and he quickly conquered the Barbarians who were in TARKI (TURKEY). And in the second year of his reign ARDASHIR died, and SAPOR his son succeeded him four years. And in the fifth year of THEODOSIUS, WARHARAN GARMANSHAH reigned over the PERSIANS twelve years. And THEODOSIUS together with VALENTINIANUS went against the tyrant who had killed GRATIANUS and they killed him, and the two of them entered RHOMI in triumph. And when he returned from [67] RHOMI he fell sick in THESSALONICA. And having sought out 'AKHILOS (ASEOLUS?), the bishop of that diocese, and found that he was not an Arian, he was baptized by him and was made whole. And he came to CONSTANTINOPLE and built the Church of ANASTASIA under the direction of the Great Theologian, who was still there. And a son, HONORIUS, was born to THEODOSIUS by Queen FLAKIDA (FLACCILLA?), a woman who was rich in excellences and virtues, for she ministered in person to the sick poor, and she went about visiting [the inmates of] the guest houses of the Churches. And because King THEODOSIUS was sorely vexed by wars with the Barbarians, he laid tribute (taxes?) on the cities. But the people of ANTIOCH would not undertake to pay tribute and in [their] wrath they cast the statue of Queen FLACCILLA (4) which was in their city out into the market place (?), and at that moment she died. And when the king heard [of this] he sent and carried out a horrible slaughter [in the city]. And the blessed MACEDONIUS sent to the king a word of rebuke, saying, 'Why for the sake of a statue of brass which was made in the image of a man hast thou destroyed men who were made in the image of God? It is very easy for us to cast many statues of brass, but thou art not able to fashion even a single hair of [one of] those men whom thou hast made to perish.' And when the king heard the words of the old man he was sorry (or, repented), and he wrote a letter of consolation to the people.

And at that time an uprising (or, revolt) took place in THESSALONICA which was the chief [city] of ITALIA (TITALIA), and the people stoned the governor. And the king was furiously angry, and he commanded the judges, and they killed seven thousand people, the innocent and the guilty alike. And because of this when the king came to MEDIOLANUM, AMBROSE, the holy bishop, met him outside the door of the church, and prevented him [from entering], saying, 'The glory of sovereignty doth not permit thee to understand thy nature. Get thee gone, and increase not thy sin in the name of prayer which will provoke God to wrath.' And the king received the prohibition [to enter] graciously, and he was not released until he had undertaken to make an investigation, which lasted three days, concerning those who were worthy of slaughter. And that when [his] anger had subsided, [68] and the matter being judged with justice, a penalty should be promulgated. And when he went into the church he prayed, not standing upright, but prostrate on the ground, saying, 'My soul hath gone forth into the dust, make me to live according to Thy word' [Psalm cxix. 25].

And in his thirteenth year THEODOSIUS proclaimed his son ARCADIUS king of the East. And two years later EUGENIUS ('AWGIN ) and 'ARGUBATOS (ARBUGASTES?) in RHOMI led astray the steward of VALENTINIANUS, and he strangled the king. And when THEODOSIUS heard [of this], he made haste and appointed HONORIUS, his young son, king in the West. And he marched against EUGENIUS the tyrant, and defeated the numerous army of Barbarians who were with him. And the Barbarians seeing that they were defeated cried out and begged for pardon. And the king commanded them to bring the tyrant, and they ran and seized him, and brought him to the king bound in fetters, and he was killed. And 'ARGUBATOS (ARBUGASTES?) he himself strangled. And after these things, when the king returned from MEDIOLANUM because of the exhaustion caused by the war, he fell sick and died. And in that same year YAZDAGARD, the son of SAPOR [reigned], twenty-one years.

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